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Source: How Ukraine Is Replacing Human Soldiers With A Robot Army
上个月，乌克兰官员宣布计划在2025年部署1.5万辆地面机器人——无人地面车辆。这是一个巨大的扩张，原因显而易见。 战略与国际研究中心瓦德瓦尼人工智能中心研究员凯特琳娜·邦达尔告诉我，“乌克兰面临着严重的人员短缺问题，这已不是什么秘密。这使得用机器人系统取代人类角色成为迫切的现实需求。” 乌克兰快速扩大了无人机产量，从2022年的几千架增加到2024年的20万架，去年更是达到了200万架。但正如邦达尔所解释的那样，将数千名“金属靴”部署到地面上取代人类，是一个更具挑战性的前景。 《经济真理报》援引乌克兰国防部负责人赫利布·卡涅夫斯基的话称，乌克兰将拥有1.5万台作战机器人。卡涅夫斯基称，2024年下半年，乌克兰签署了价值250万美元的无人地面车辆合同，而今年第一季度，这一数字飙升至1.5亿美元，增长了约100倍。 人们对军用机器人充满乐观，乌克兰的无人地面车辆设计也层出不穷，开发人员大约每周都会推出一款新型号。这些无人地面车辆是轮式和履带式机器，形状和尺寸各异，可以执行布雷、扫雷、后勤、伤员运送以及使用炸药或机枪直接作战等任务。BRAVE1国防技术孵化器最近试验了70种不同类型的无人地面车辆。
Last month, Ukrainian officials announced plans to field 15,000 ground robots – Uncrewed Ground Vehicles or UGVs — in 2025. That is a huge scaling up, and for obvious reasons.
“It’s no secret that Ukraine is facing a severe shortage of personnel,” Kateryna Bondar, Fellow at Wadhwani AI Center, at the thinktank Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) told me. “This creates an urgent, existential need to substitute human roles with robotic systems.”
Ukraine has scaled up drone production at pace, going from a few thousand in 2022 to 200,000 in 2024 to 2 million last year. But putting thousands of metal boots on the ground to replace humans is a far more challenging prospect, as Bondar explains.
The figure of 15,000 combat robots came from Hlib Kanevskyi, head of the Ukraine’s Ministry of Defense quoted in Economichna Pravda. Kanevskyi says they signed contracts for $2.5 million of UGVs in the last half of 2024, in the first quarter of this year that surged to $150 million. This suggests a roughly hundred-fold increase.
There is certainly plenty of optimism about military robotics, and no shortage of Ukrainian UGV designs, with developers unveiling a new model every week or so. These are wheeled and tracked machines of various shapes and sizes, with roles from minelaying and mine clearing to logistics, casualty evacuation and direct combat either with explosive payloads or machine guns. Recent trials by the BRAVE1 defense technology incubator involved 70 different types.
