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https://www.politico.eu/article/brussels-shelve-russian-oil-price-cap-push-amid-middle-east-chaos/
鉴于担心中东地区爆发新一轮冲突将推高油价，欧盟将不会推进对俄罗斯石油出口实施严格的新价格上限的计划，因为俄罗斯石油出口将为克里姆林宫的乌克兰战争提供资金。
这项提议原本计划将莫斯科石油的最高价格从每桶60美元降至45美元，欧盟各国外交部长原定于周一在布鲁塞尔讨论这一提议。
然而，两位外交官向《政客》证实，以色列和伊朗之间日益加剧的冲突意味着该计划已不再可行。
俄罗斯力图维持高水平的军费开支并填补国家预算的漏洞，而每桶45美元的限价将导致其损失数十亿美元的石油收入。
降低油价上限最初由乌克兰提出，并被纳入欧盟本月早些时候公布的第18项制裁方案的文本中。然而，专家指出，如果没有美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的支持，这一想法将无法实施。
“如果没有美国的支持，降低油价上限不会有效，”国际战略研究所制裁专家玛丽亚·沙吉娜表示。“该上限的设计初衷是买方垄断联盟，需要美国的参与。”
沙吉娜还强调要加强执法，“因为目前约90%的俄罗斯原油运输量超过了限价。”
自以色列和伊朗开始互相攻击以来，油价大幅上涨。 欧洲各国外交部长将于周五在日内瓦与伊朗外长会面，而特朗普可能会下令对德黑兰政权戒备最森严的核设施进行打击。
The European Union will not forge ahead with plans to impose a tough new price cap on the Russian oil exports funding the Kremlin’s war in Ukraine in light of concerns that a new conflict in the Middle East will drive up oil prices.
The proposal, which would have seen the maximum price of Moscow’s oil slashed from $60 per barrel to $45, was due to be discussed Monday in Brussels by foreign ministers from across the bloc.
However, two diplomats confirmed to POLITICO that the burgeoning conflict between Israel and Iran meant that the plan is no longer workable.
The pitch for a $45-per-barrel cap would translate into billions of dollars in lost oil revenues for Russia as it scrambles to maintain high levels of military spending and plug holes in its national budget.
After being initially proposed by Ukraine, the lowered price cap was included in the text of the EU’s 18th sanctions package, unveiled earlier this month. However, without support from United States President Donald Trump, implementing the idea would prove impossible, experts point out.
“Lowering the cap without a buy-in from the U.S. wouldn’t be effective,” said Maria Shagina, a sanctions expert at the International Institute for Strategic Studies. “Designed as a buyer’s cartel, the cap needs the U.S. to be part of it.”
Shagina also emphasized strengthening enforcement, “as currently around 90 percent of Russian crude is shipped over the price cap.”
Oil prices have climbed sharply in the days since Israel and Iran began trading strikes. European foreign ministers are meeting with their Iranian counterparts in Geneva on Friday, while Trump may order a strike against the Tehran regime’s best-reinforced nuclear sites.
