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https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/10/world/europe/eu-ukraine-weapons.html
自从特朗普总统上任并誓言撤回对乌克兰的支持以来，欧洲领导人一直担心他们将无法向乌克兰提供其所需的武器。
到目前为止，看来他们的担心是对的。
自从特朗普明确表示欧洲需要为乌克兰及其自身安全承担更多责任以来，支持乌克兰的所谓欧洲国家自愿联盟一直在努力向其战场运送物资。
这也是乌克兰议会周四以压倒性多数通过一项协议的原因之一，该协议将给予美国未来自然资源（包括矿产）部分收入。虽然缺乏安全保障，但该协议保留了继续向乌克兰运送武器和其他军事援助的可能性。
乌克兰议会国家安全、国防和情报委员会副主席叶霍尔·切尔涅夫说，“这给了我们希望。”
投票后不久，切尔涅夫在接受采访时表示，乌克兰军队的远程导弹、火炮，尤其是弹道防空系统都快用完了——根据基尔世界经济研究所的分析，这些系统大部分都是在美国制造的。
到夏天，拜登政府批准的军事援助将用完，而特朗普似乎不愿续签。
特朗普上个月在罗马会见乌克兰总统泽连斯基后说，“他告诉我，他需要更多武器，但他已经这么说三年了。”特朗普政府允许乌克兰直接从美国制造商购买一些小额武器，但无需美国政府援助。
自2022年俄罗斯入侵以来，欧洲盟友共同提供了乌克兰获得的约1300亿美元军事援助的一半。其余部分由美国提供。
周五，一位国会官员表示，美国已批准德国向乌克兰转让125枚远程火箭弹和100枚爱国者防空导弹。这些急需的武器在美国制造，未经美国政府批准，不得出口——即使其他国家拥有它们。
Since President Trump took office vowing to pull back U.S. support for Ukraine, European leaders have worried that they would be unable to supply Ukraine with the weapons it needs.
So far, it looks like they were right.
The so-called coalition of the willing of European nations backing Ukraine has struggled to get materiel to its battlefields in the time since Mr. Trump made clear that Europe needed to shoulder more of the load for Ukraine’s security and its own.
That is one reason Ukraine’s Parliament overwhelmingly approved on Thursday a deal to give the United States a share of future revenue over natural resources, including minerals. While short of a security guarantee, it keeps open the possibility of continued shipments of American arms and other military assistance.
“This gives us hope,” said Yehor Chernev, the deputy chair of the Ukrainian parliament’s committee on national security, defense and intelligence.
In an interview shortly after the vote, Mr. Chernev said Ukrainian forces were running low on long-range missiles, artillery and, above all, ballistic air-defense systems — the majority of which are manufactured in the United States, according to an analysis by the Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
By summer, military aid approved under the Biden administration will run out, and Mr. Trump appears reluctant to renew it.
“He told me that he needs more weapons, but he’s been saying that for three years,” Mr. Trump said after meeting with President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine last month in Rome. (The Trump administration has allowed Ukraine to buy some small-dollar arms directly from American manufacturers, but not with U.S. government assistance.)
Allies in Europe have collectively given about half of the estimated $130 billion in military support provided to Ukraine since Russia invaded in 2022. The United States sent the rest.
On Friday, a congressional official said that the United States had approved Germany’s transfer of 125 long-range artillery rockets and 100 Patriot air-defense missiles to Ukraine. The critically needed weapons are made in the United States and cannot be exported — even if another country owns them — without American government approval.
